| Word | Meaning |
| Seed coat | The outer multicellular covering of a seed |
| Testa | The thick outer layer of the seed coat |
| Tegmen | The thin inner layer of the seed coat |
| Embryo | The main part of the seed, formed from the zygote |
| Cotyledon | The thick soft part of the embryo that stores food |
| Plumule | The part from which the shoot system develops |
| Radicle | The part from which the root develops |
| Embryonic leaf | The leaf that the cotyledon turns into after germination |
| Coleoptile | The covering over the plumule in a monocot seed |
| Coleorhiza | The covering over the radicle in a monocot seed |
| Scutellum | The single shield-shaped cotyledon of a maize grain |
| Endosperm | The nutrient-rich part inside the seed coat |