1Two syringes of different thickness are joined by a saline pipe and filled with water. If a weight is placed on top of the small piston and an object with a heavier weight is placed on the other piston, will the heavier object be lifted? Why?
2In the syringe model, when the weight on the larger piston becomes equal to the maximum weight that can be lifted by the small piston, both pistons stay balanced. What is the weight necessary for that?
3What is a hydraulic machine? On which principle does it work?
4Show that the force on the large piston of a hydraulic machine is \( F_2 = F_1 \left( \frac{A_2}{A_1} \right) \).
5Explain how an excavator (backhoe) digs the ground using the hydraulic principle.
6Why must a hydraulic machine be filled with a liquid rather than a gas, and why must the liquid not leak?
7Why is the factor \( \frac{A_2}{A_1} \) always greater than 1? What happens to the force if \( A_2 \) is twice \( A_1 \)?
8In a hydraulic machine the areas of the small and large pistons are 0.04 m² and 2 m². A force of 200 N is applied on the small piston. Find the force on the large piston.
9A force of 100 N on a small piston of area 0.05 m² produces a force of 4000 N on the large piston. Find the area of the large piston.