1Match the following words from the text with their meanings: drought, excel, hieroglyph, dominant, concentration, invasion, excavation.
2Find the words in the text and fill in the crossword puzzle. Across: 2. people who follow each other in time or order; 4. a loss of power, prosperity or status; 5. complete with regard to every detail; 6. a union or association formed for mutual benefit. Down: 1. complete disorder and confusion; 3. very complicated and detailed; 7. to use all of something so that there is none left.
3Choose the correct answer. a. When did the Maya Civilisation reach its height? b. Why were the Mayas unlikely to be invaded by the Mesoamericans? c. What has fascinated researchers about the Mayas from the southern lowlands? d. Which period of the Maya Civilisation is considered the golden age? e. Whom did the Mayas consider their god? f. According to scholars, which of the following is NOT the cause of Maya downfall?
4Match the paragraph numbers with the respective information: occupation of the earliest Maya society; number of people in the Maya civilisation; achievement by the Maya civilisation in different sectors; places where the Mayas lived; categories of the places where the Mayans lived; spirituality of the Mayan people; fights with the neighbouring states as the possible cause of downfall; time when the downfall of the Maya Civilisation started.
5Why is the study of history important to us? Prepare a mindmap of your thoughts and discuss with your friends.
6The pictures show the changes that have taken place in a village over a period of ten years. Talk about the changes using used to / didn't use to.
7The given pictures tell a story, but they are not in the correct order. Rearrange them into the correct order and narrate the story.
8Compare what Samita said in the past and what she says now. Make sentences using used to / didn't use to / never used to.
9Rewrite the following sentences using used to or didn't use to: a. I lived with my parents. b. Did you swim in the river every summer? c. He never smoked. d. I played tennis at school. e. Villagers walked for hours to reach the nearest health post. f. There was a dense forest around the village. g. What did you do in your childhood? h. I didn't write stories. i. Did people travel by airplanes? j. Where did you go to deposit your money?
10Look at the pictures of currencies and answer: a. What are these currencies? b. What would happen if we didn't have money?
11Find the words from the text that have these meanings: a. the period during which a king, queen, emperor, etc. rules; b. to happen before something; c. to control something by means of rules; d. simply and without much skill or attention to detail; e. to form a border around something; f. something that somebody has done successfully; g. an official order given by somebody in authority; h. free to govern itself, completely independent; i. belonging naturally, essential.
12Complete the table with the correct information about the development of money: 1200 BCE, 2000 BCE, 6th century BCE, 997 to 1022 CE, 1821 CE, 21st century.
13Answer the following questions: a. What did people use to make a trade before the invention of money? b. How were temples used as banks in the past? c. What was the benefit of using cowrie shells as money? d. Describe the coins invented by Turkey. e. Why did the leaders in international finance introduce the gold standard in currency? f. What form of money is being used in the 21st century?
14How might people trade in the next 20 years? What form of money might be used? Talk to your friends.
15Write any three most memorable things about your early childhood days. Do you wish you could be a young child again? Why?
16Listen to the audio and complete the sentences with the correct words or phrases: about the house, the Sun at the window, when it used to wake him, the colour of the roses, the laburnum tree, and heaven.
17Listen to the audio again and choose the correct answer: where the robin built its nest, which tree is still living, how the speaker felt while swinging, which flower is not mentioned, what his spirit is like now, what he thought about the fir treetops, and how he feels remembering his boyhood.
18Recall your most favourite memory from your early childhood and describe it to your friends.
19Use simple past, past continuous or past perfect forms of the verbs in brackets: a. Mr. Singh (wait) for me when I reached the station. b. What (do) this time yesterday? c. (go) out last night? d. Yes, she (dance) with Ravi. e. What (do) when the earthquake occurred? f. He (fall) off the wall when Sanam pushed him. g. I (be) really in a difficult situation when I lost the job. h. When I was young, I (want) to become a doctor. i. I (do) my homework when the telephone rang. j. When I last saw Kiran, he (work) in his garden.
20Find the mistakes in the story about the man and the biscuits and correct the verb forms throughout.
21Read the story of the fox and the stork carefully. Then give it a suitable title.
22Develop readable stories based on the given outlines: a. a king defeated six times who watches a spider; b. two friends who meet a bear.
23Do students need to learn history? Why? Write an essay on 'The Importance of History'.
24Ask your parents, grandparents, family members or friends about your ancestors. Note down the main points and share them with your friends.
25What is the difference between 'I used to play football' and 'I played football yesterday'?
26When do we choose the past perfect instead of the simple past?